期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄是對(duì)會(huì)計(jì)期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)的會(huì)計(jì)處理過程的總稱,它的實(shí)質(zhì)就是對(duì)會(huì)計(jì)期初或者上期結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至?xí)?jì)期末的收支差額的結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)核算。期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄是企業(yè)期期初和期末的財(cái)務(wù)狀態(tài)的反映,會(huì)計(jì)期末的結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄要保證會(huì)計(jì)憑證的準(zhǔn)確性,真實(shí)性,完整性。
所有結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄可以大致分成四大類:
(1)期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)損益類:包括本年利潤結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至本年剩余利潤、本年費(fèi)用結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至本年剩余費(fèi)用等;
(2)期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)收支類:包括本年收入結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至本年應(yīng)收款項(xiàng)、本年應(yīng)付款項(xiàng)結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至本年應(yīng)付款項(xiàng)等;
(3)期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)存貨類:包括存貨結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至存貨等;
(4)期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債類:包括賬面價(jià)值結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至現(xiàn)金流量表資產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目、賬面價(jià)值結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)至現(xiàn)金流量表負(fù)債項(xiàng)目等。
拓展知識(shí):期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄可以從財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表的角度來看,它的本質(zhì)就是要將會(huì)計(jì)期末的賬務(wù)結(jié)果,即收入和支出的差額,折算成負(fù)債和資產(chǎn),轉(zhuǎn)到財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表上,確保公司財(cái)務(wù)狀況的準(zhǔn)確反映。因此,期末結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)計(jì)分錄的準(zhǔn)確性和及時(shí)性,是影響財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表的正確性的重要因素。